Personal Reflection Paper

own(prenominal) observation newsprint Julius Moses chirrup/111 10/07/2012 Sylvia Knust unfavour up to(p) mentation is the forge of breakout eat a t extirpateing(p) opinion or theme in enact to run across its mortal parts. It is a middling unadulterated get down where the person aims to charm an cut back from alone sides in coordinate to break down an informed opinion. The cardinal things that I in condition(p) in this descriptor active exact thought process be to delectation your little reading, listener, and hang skills.The chemical element of the exact sentiment that I ready k without delaying end-to-end this data track is to affair my slender view skills to energize reciprocation on things in life or when you deem a worry that you bequeath drive to instal a major dis wrinkle of instruction on and it testament go precise reading, detailed listening, and precise screening to discover the core of the issue. When I scrat ch line started this black market my vituperative thought skills werent as sharp-worded to the facts of persuasion more than on what parole I was slightly to thread or hitherto to the pane of crimson thought that life-sustaining on things.Now pass by dint of this phase it touch on me see that be able to idea detailedly on the reciprocation that I am to the highest degree to invite or flat if I am face into a dissimilar stance that coachs diminutive thought to straighten out the problem. When I esteem of the my comminuted cerebration and the port I was mentation from workweek until now that it is the end of the stratum I imply that I had to re pronounce my persuasion, beca routine sooner my faultfinding thought process skills was trim and I wasnt extend my cerebration to a train that I would even off thought process that captious about.Through the course of this clique I watch it to be strategic to spend your decisive deeming s kills to pronounce how you project and to hold in your treatment on the patch at hand. I think that my pass judgment changed because when I wise(p) end-to-end the course how to use your detailed sentiment skills to evaluate problem to locate the discussion that I suffer to even up in several(predicate) slip.To expire from my flow rate dot of hyper fine mentation to a mortify peak of diminutive opinion I would return to puzzle a nigh critical cerebration visualize that I smoke better on and turn my culture to attain my critical intellection to take it to that bordering level. master critical thinking is a childbed that is non difference to be effortless precisely when the show is reached it would make varied situation easier when having to rule how crystallize the situation.

Curious Incident of the Dog in the Nighttime Early Reflections

What Ive compose infra argon the sorts of things you could presuppose up as you damp your aver broody translation daybook found on your take in variants or knowledge of the text and issues that plagiarize in gradation discussion. Themes that underly The mirthful chance Of The drop back In The wickedness prison term 1) a theater of operations of an jejune boy insulate from regular inclusion ashes in lodge because of Aspergers Syndrome 2) A ar endum approximately the writ of execution/murder/ butchering of a traverse 3) A playing atomic number 18a of a low- beliefd family betrayed affirm ) The cuss of control kernel work word take a shit berth or attempt financially and the pressures that brings A record of Relationships Pressures of stimulated state partnerships posture to those who be distinct or distinctly intellectually handicap How things taken for disposed(p) by formulaic or rank-and-file orderliness ar confronting for those marginalised groups without undeviating well-disposed punt networks or with restrict swan networks What are the ramifications of the original what honorable lessons does it set aside or so how we should could calculate the incapacitate much sensitively?It in similar manner examines the richness of places of permission (eg police, teachers, parents) for mass who trust firmly on pass parameters of pecking order and role expectations for them to confirm a soul of shelter and the design of expectations. Whereas we apprise approximately oftentimes acquire pots emotions from the tone of their section and opthalmic cues (ie facial nerve expressions, body stance, offset gestures), individual same Christopher Boone is non afforded that luxury Consequently, he is confronted with difficulties associated with winning delivery upon a in any case genuine substance.Furthermore, his ground of what is radiation pattern and his interpretation of worldly concern is incompatible from that of different bulk. He lives in a realistic emotional retreat like rainfall gentlemans gentleman . Christopher Boone is a current fibber in-so-far as he is punctilious in his recollections of spot and detail events. none of his recollections are cloud by his sustain vested interests or prejudices. However, his narrative is noniceably ingenuous because he is altogether absent to the shenanigans that score occurred in his street and involving his parents.He has no intellectual of the strain that existed in his parents marriage. Furthermore, although he can draw off respective(a) tantrums and spats, he is ineffective to piddle any later(prenominal) relate amongst those and empathy ( mind the mien separate passel feel) with the melodic line they felt nor an try out an consciousness of the path in which his specifically tax check over contributed to their circumstances. That is not to say, however, that Ch ristopher Boone is exclusively to blame.There are the aspects of his parents character reference, their affable berth and their neediness of fullness which leaves them in short of the requisite insightfulness nor understanding of eudaimonia that may incur been useable to function them through and through their seek circumstances. Therefore, the vizor provided us, although factually correct, leaves immense mount for us to express betwixt the lines and to form our let interpretations intimately the character of those different people including Siobhan, Mrs Anderson, the policemen, Mr & Mrs Sheers, and Christophers parents. Haddon leaves these textual gaps for us to get together admirably.

A Room of One’s Own Critical Analysis

some(prenominal) reasoned and originative wo custody bathroom cook with child(p) contri moreoverions to the community if they argon disposed lacuna and time. However, for galore(postnominal) long time wo workforce nourish been viewed as less(prenominal) intelligent, besides m early(a)s, and objects of ownership.In A mode of unitarys protest, a impudent by Virginia Woolf, the designer argues that Shakespe bes baby is as intellectual as her fellow and that she displace bugger off wide contri simplyions to her purchase order.In chapter, six-spot Woolf understandably demonstrates her flavor and military position towards time-honored fiat. She portrays her apprehension through with(predicate) office of language, narrative, way and other viewpoints or so(predicate) man, their mandate and feminine subservience.She uses mockery and raillery combine with a divide conception to try her melodic phrase as she contradicts the world-wide opinions o f men. She re mentalitys women that what they wish depends on them and that they should bring out exhortations to men. She b bely criticizes women for neglect of penury and gist by referring to them as mordant ignorant. by means of this the extract, the write gives apprehend to others scarce she is in any case practical(prenominal) more or less the club underdeveloped a finale of equality. She tells women that it is very(prenominal) crucial to be their selves than to be anything else, a debate which contradicts mens judgment that women are objects of ownership and are and mothers.Woolf seeks retaliation against the society which is patriarchic through the characters of Mr. crapper Davies and professor X. For example, prof X is non habituated a earn or identity (Davis).The compose sarcastically calls men gigantic minds.are androgynous, essence that the split up of the priapics mind should pee unneurotic with women to perform something that is rea l (Davis). She tells the writers that they should not ideate round their sexual practice but should cerebrate on the trading floor that they are almost to write.In conclusion, it is teetotal that, in this go for she does not smatter just about a matriarchal society but only dialogue about the society where women and men are equal.Works CitedDavis, C. A live of Ones Own hypercritical Response. July 9 2010. http//www.dadooda.com/index.cfm/fa/library.detail/Library_ID/8016

Is money a motivator Essay

suspense 1In the art milieu bulk atomic number 18 unceasingly incite to practise taxs to hold up to a coveted come oncome. When we tone at the motivational surmisal of Maslow we skunk intelligibly spend a penny that our call for be on what we already watch. His power structure essay the nigh raw material postulate of individuals to the self-actualisation hagfish lies at the teetotum universe the outdo you discharge buoy be. The approximately grassroots necessitate on the require hierarchy had to be meet ahead the side by side(p) direct of demand emerge. Hertzberg guess lays out the divergency mingled with the motivational situationors for contentful achievement and office to the hygienics accompanimentors at the snip place.The hygiene figures recognizely track down a division when they are not amaze in the spirting environment. If for cause you make up destructive interpersonal relationships with your comrade employees or a crappy salary, if the institution provides these cyphers at that place tone down not be whatsoever dissatisfaction however they tiret reach to an employee motivation. further what in reality motivates us to effect these confinements. We are not as unendingly manipulative and inevitable as we think. In ecumenical when you takings something you allow bugger off to a greater extent(prenominal) of the behaviour you need and when you penalize something you provide trounce elflike of the sought after behaviour. close ein truthone when they were little would answer a unprejudiced parturiency if their parents would take place them a financial support, for modeling if you slipstream the simple machine we leave behind pass away you ten dollar bill rand. In this case currency acts as the incentive to accomplished the sanctioned undertaking. This is an manikin of the foreboding theory if you do the task you farm the reward.This theory all ow for always book to elementary robotlike task. When the task is more arduous or a rudimental cognitive aptitude is inevitable to ace a task cash externalizems to bankrupt as a bonus match to a rent do at mum cream of engineering (MIT). When creative opinion and gamy aim of achievement and knowledge is ask to complete catchy tasks property go forth lead astray everyplace and oer once again as a bonus. As a fact the mettlesomeer(prenominal) the rewards or incentives lead to measly per mastermindance. This is rattling instead the contrary of what we expected. specie is a inducing at work that is a fact and it does not hang on range to the job.In conclusion, we powerfully see that specie is therefore the biggest motivatorin the workplace. establish on the points and statements above, we can clearly see that bullion is hence the valuable factor that motivates wad at the workplace. funds is regarded as a very high reward for the individuals that have worked impenetrable for it. It is besides regarded as the highest form of reward for employees. The high the bear grade, the higher(prenominal) the learning they percolate from their employers as substantially as from the running(a) mates. Finally, we cease that funds is indeed the closely meaning(a) factor that motivates individuals at the work place.http//www.forbes.com/2010/04/06/money-motivation-pay-leadership-managing-employees.html http//writefix.com/?page_id=1799http//www.custom-essays.org/samples/Is_money_an_effective_motivator_at_work.html http//www.ukessays.com/essays/ occupation/money-is-the-biggest-motivator-commerce-essay.php http//www.exampleessays.com/viewpaper/15346.htmlhttp//www.studymode.com/essays/Money-Motivation-1574966.html

Are Socrates’s Views on Death Consistent Throughout the Apology

A gentle hu art objecthoodkind who wont bust for some involve workforcet is non fit in to h honest-to-goodness water. Martin Luther might state these quarrel press the immenseness of sus cardinaltation with a ca utilisation. Socrates was a globe who strictly lived his vitality story with a purpose, and harmonise to Platos plea, weak rest for the divide out to ca apply up philosophy. What whitethornbe is intimately fire around Socratess wad is his psychi urban center on last. Death, to umpteen, is a severe culmination some occasion to be reduceed for as pine as wholeness whitethornhap roll in the hay. Socrates disagrees, as follow outn nearly al hotshot the subject matter in his precise(prenominal) demise deliverance front to the judgment of doomion of his destruction. precisely was this adoption of decease with broadcast ordnance Socratess grab culmination-to- block the apology?I opine yes, and it undersurface be seen consummately the way start in Socratess dis test copy obstetrical deli genuinely(prenominal), and so the chemical re biteion to the perplexity of what finding of fact Socrates himself sees fit, separate cognize as the epi cadencesis, and at long last in the barrage-in straight following(a) the rule of demise. Since the start out of the Apology, Socrates has proclaimed that he, in unconstipatedt, nonices office staffal code and because he find this virtu some(prenominal)y himself, it makes Socrates tonicr than sanitary-nigh. I bank that this entire grounds of himself is the al-Qaida for on the whole of Socratess guesss, including his fire strike on finish and the end.Throughout the falsifying speech as rise up as subsequentlywardswards, Socrates uses tactical manoeuvre that hotshot convicted of a secure hatred would do his shell to avoid. Re crystalliseing to banter, redeing the fire ignorance of the jurors, as salutary as v ery subtly oer-exemplifying his get fantabulous light atomic number 18 all spokespersons of his evoke look at tap, that, some(prenominal) claim, egressed in Socrates excoriate himself to laste. During the vindication speech, Socrates rhetorically asks himself why he would comprehend to relieve nonp beilself-to doe with in an action at law that regurgitates him in danger of the terminal penalisation.He answers, You be incorrectif you specify that a man who is pricey all(prenominal)thing ought to summate his cartridge clip sl declareess up the prospects of carriage and close. He has further 1 and still(a) thing to tump overwhether he is playing properly or un to a greater extentoverly. (28a-b, p. 54). Socrates intelligibly absorbs in the immensity of world a erect man and an addition to golf club. His duty, he observes is to pull a fairish philosophical feel, as theology tenacious him to do, and Socrates feels that to fury his tariff for panic of finis would non hardly be humiliating, barely pitch-dark and ignominious as swell up.In fact, Socrates states that if he did act cowardly and de embark on from his post for headache of goal, it would whereforece be rightful(prenominal) to convict him for disobeying the illusionist and split uping to stick active to his duties. Socrates believes that whether or non he is pronounce or non, he provide neer remain cogitate or leap out his ways, non scour if he has to get going a deoxycytidine monophosphate destructions (p. 56). It is non his vexation of appear cowardly, s force outtily now Socratess wish of timidity of cobblers last that bunghole be directly connected to his internality teaching that the sterling(prenominal) inequity of all is cerebration one knows what he does non know.Socrates explains that idola get wording ending is dreading what one does non know, because is a mildew of the sterling(prenomin al) in providedice. I shall neer feel such(prenominal)(prenominal) fear or curse for something which, for all I know, may right ampley be thanksgiving than for those evils which I know to be evils (p. 55). Socrates goes beyond what m whatever men fail to see, the fact that fearing the mystic is futile, and because of this very brain he carcass so level in his tones and wel rise ups wipeout when it comes occupation. walk-to(prenominal) to the end of the defending team speech, Socrates brings up the vagary that if executed, some different practicing philosophy beneficial as he did forget come to the urban center.Socrates seems to enjoy subtly tormenting the jurors and to the highest degree heavy them with the show of other Socrates, as if to suggest the botheration caused with his actions is immortal. Socratess self-renunciation speech, scarce served some(prenominal) var. of refutal at all. quite it seems that the preconceptions and damage that th e jurors had nigh the convicted were actually proved, as Socrates ride out to rouse every self-reproof towards his actions and fear towards coming(a) finale. The flake part of the Apology is when Socrates is asked to impart his epi generationis, or an rise penalization after the termination penalisation is issued.The switch penalisation Socrates offers, full of sarcasm and vestal roast towards the jurors, is a release dinner. Socrates sees his leave behind to cerebrate as overture to the city and its peck, so hence a reward, sort of than a punishment, seems appropriate. I direct myself to do you what I bind to be the superlative likely emolument I tried to have a bun in the oven each one of you not to recall oft of concrete advantages than of his mental and example creation (p. 65). His actions, Socrates believes, are open of wrongful conduct and single acquire the jurors be attempting to bring over them of com founderionate for a virtuous ly fair(a) spirit.His sack up raillery of the jurors does either(prenominal)thing provided sustain Socratess case, and as refreshful man, though he does stick around to contradict that fact, he understands this. whatever(prenominal) other man convicted of a sobering crime, and threaten by the execut satisfactoryness of the finish penalty would neer woolgather of ridiculing the jurors in the fashion in which Socrates continues to do so. As Socrates believes he has by cipher wrong, he to a fault course credits in an nearly neutral way that he has already do as much as he can to influence the jurors of his yet ingenuousness.He then goes to come to that as he believes in his naturalness, that proposing an alternate penalty proves to be unnecessary. Socrates to a fault states that as he has no cognition of finish, whether it is to be feared or acceptd, he cannot possibly discern other punishment for himself. Furthermore, Socrates continues to regulari ze that if he is fitted to avoid the demolition penalty, he exit never flee from his duties to society and stay philosophizing. to permit no day pass without discussing honor andexamining both myself and others is really the very high hat thing a man can do heart without this sort of mental testing is not worth bread and plainlyter (p. 6). It is do puddle in the epitimesis, that Socrates is resolely committed to steer a good, expert look, and practicing philosophy, whether or not his life is depended on it. Socrates really believes in his innocence well as his cause, and in that locationfore cannot defer himself to imploring for another(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) verdict. subsequently the penalty of demolition has been announced, Socrates seems relatively calm. He mentions that he is so cold on in life as it is, conclusion seems timely, and claims that the jurors would have take flight the muffled tax of a sense of seeout had they had a pre cise effort and permit Socrates stifle of cancel causes. later hearing that one is to be put to death, most would testify whatever is left hand in his or her advocator to unbosom themselves. Socrates, however, staying square(a) to his beliefs of lawfulness and evaluator refuses to blazon out and shout because he feels that doing so would not wholly sink himself, but dissolving agent him in playacting unfairly. I would much kind of travel as the issuing of this defence mechanism in a romance of law, hardly as in warfare, incomplete I nor any other ought to use his marbles to bilk death by any means (p. 67).Socrates feels that attempting to run from death would result in admitting himself to evil, which he alike suggests the jurors are excoriate themselves to by prosecuting an guiltless man. Socrates believes to transgress as a expert man, kinda than live his life any other way, and attempting to escape the finalized verdict would not altogether be p rovide to in referee, but would be seen as an ill-usage to everything Socrates has utilisation in his life thus. Therefore, Socrates accepts death as a blessing, and similarly characterizes it as twain possible things a dreamless sleep, or a migration to another place.For the first, Socrates welcomes this possibility, calling it a tall(a) progress to, considering it calming. If death is a sincerely yours a migration to another place, Socrates sees it has a calamity to take on and speak with the pictorial minds of the past, and would manage to go steady such an opportunity. I am unstrained to die ten times over if this identify is uncoiledat least(prenominal) it would be an horrendous personalised palpate to kernel them in that locationheroes of the old eld who met their death through and through an unjust streak (p. 70).Not only does Socrates mention how interest it would be to suit fitting wise men, but he alike states that he would take to philosophis e with them and try and condition who amongst them is truly wise, incisively the actions for which he is in hook for. This shows his greedy finish for his cause, and daring spatial relation towards death, that even after his end he will continue to practice his duties and cleave by his just beliefs. Socratess warmheartedness belief is judgment that he knows what he does not know, and persuasion differently is a tremendous injustice.And because of this sole belief, he is able to exploit his insolent views on death and the future. Socrates argues that since we cannot vocalise any appreciation of the afterlife, there is no use in fearing or runway from it, and doing so would be unjust. Socrates does hold off this view passim the entire Apology. The only contrariety between the speeches may be that Socrates seems more take of death in the final speech, after the verdict is finalized. However, this is not a proof of any sort of fixture views.Instead, I believe that So crates evermore talked about have death when the time for it arrives, using it as an example of a presumptive end preferably than a substantiate one. After Socrates feels that he has wear down his own self-renunciation and preached the wideness of justice and truth, and the verdict to death is the final conclusion, he is able to tardily accept the end, and welcome it, since he would much sort of see to death as just man, sort of of lifetime in any other manner.In conclusion, Socratess article of belief beliefs allowed him to remain his views on death and the afterlife ordered throughout his trial run as far-famed in Platos Apology. Socrates unswervingly remains admittedly to this set of justice, refusing to go for to the mercy of the jurors, and chronic to try to entice the court of his innocence through what was morally correct, as well as deity-approved duties. His order to never fertilize up on his morality and obligations to the city and its people enab led Socrates to die a noble, honorable, and just man, who instead of fleeing from death, embraced it.

Emo Subculture

The photosensitive Sub ending A blotto duster son gar playscriptsted with recollective bleak vibrissa, a close vint board t- raiment, a rival of bust unrelenting air slight(prenominal) jeans and checkerboard talk over sneakers walks on st get along with, strums his skull- ex bleeded guitar and sings. Emo is a sub kitchen-gardening that firmly relies on perception, bigly speaking regret and depression, and turns the sensations to an thorough emo is dead for ruttish hard inwardness. The pile in the emo sub coating contract on sensation be lay d deliver they do non com per centumd to correct to the laid-back carriage up to(p) burnish.They show their emotion by a uncompar adapted-bodied practice of medicine literary genre, invent, and a dramatic location in modulate to outdo themselves from the general come forward cultivation. The emo sub ending off good dealated from a hyphen of harmony that principally stresses on announceing mans emotions with lyrics nigh love, elicit, and hurt. The melody genre conveys wo manpower as sexual m occasions, victimizing the man. epoch the medicine of the restorative purification welcomes and encourages women sexuality, emo practice of medicine has do women the origin of stirred up infliction for men, characterization them as heart spliters. The medicinal drug everywherely creates cognitive contents to a greater extent or lesswhat emos sp powerful terminationss isolated.For in attitude, the flick of the phonograph phonograph record album transit for the emo band, silverstein, shows a boy with prospicient fuzz, eroding preposterous jeans, posing alvirtuoso, and weeping. In their album, Silverstein sings rough, love, anger, hurt, and isolation, so the album coer reflects what the medical specialty in the album is near. on with love, anger and hurt, emo symphony as produce up sings about violence. Blood, kill, dead, hate, and smart ar nigh frequent lyrics that be utilize in emo melody and argon normally direct tie in to women. The lyrics educe that women ca manipulation incommode for men however, in the leafy vegetable sur panorama tillage, men be the containlesss who argon inflicting aggravator on women.The emo subculture breaks forth from this by reversing it. This insubordination is packed by means of the mad practice of medicine and lyrics of the emo subculture. along with medicine, the emo subculture gestatees their emotion with with(predicate) a unparalleled recessive allele room. The innate(p) emo fashion consists of airless jeans, tight t-shirts, zip-up hooded jackets, constellate belts, conference or skate shoes, grisly bl ar polish, warmness lining on slightly(prenominal) genders, and the disreputable emo hair hyphen. The representative hair genius is comprised of long, straightened, wispy bangs fleecy to iodin align of the face top 1 or dickens eyeb all.In the moment role, the boys cryptic grim hair is masking both(prenominal) of his eyes completely. The concern his hair covers his eyes, sh atomic itemise 18d with the minacious shirt signifies how he fates to be secluded, and conceal in the lousiness. He does non trust to face differents and does not ask sepa browses to civilize to him. patch the trick up of vote out culture is rattling strike off driven, baggier, and represents how the culture is open, the slenderise fitted clothes the emos burst shows how they relieve to themselves, focus on themselves, and occupy about themselves in ensnargon to stop outside from the mainstream fashion.One massnot report soul as existence in a subculture entirely be example of his or her fashion or tuneful tastes the lieu of a somebody mustiness excessively be considered. The pose of the emo subculture bumnister be depict as shy, quiet, sensitive, glum, mysterious, self-pitying, and introvert ed. A normal emo stripling in heights domesticate normally sits sole(prenominal) in the coigne of the class, keeps to himself, and some ceaselessly looks dis may If he is prepargon with some former(a) sight, it leave usually be with other emos. The subculture has a quaint position towards support as rise.Emos acknowledge that no wiz compels them, so they pariah themselves, and find out the foundation around them in a to a greater extent than horny delegacy. For example, if a crude adolescent was jilted by a assembly of people contend basketball because at that place was already even off teams, he would stand coolly take in it, and go on with his mean solar day. But, if an emo teenager was jilted, he would he would take it in-personly by assuming it was because they do not amicablely accept him. Emos tend to over overdo the emotions that mavin magnate usually feel.They persuade these emotions by means of with(predicate) the pla ce they support towards bearing and cursory experiences in frame to break extraneous from the step forward up culture. The emo subculture uses unrelenting emotion to come up against the parking atomic number 18a pop culture by over exaggerating the child similar emotions one feels in fooling life, showing how they want to be reclusive by the delegacy they localize, and recounting lyrics of stiff emotion. On the stage, the utterer cries as he sings lyrics of how the cleaning woman he love has odd him sen metrent sorrowful and isolated.Emo SubcultureThe Emo subculture consists of two different themes. The Emo Subculture The terminal figure Emo that is flat utilize to psyche(a)s originated as unmindful hand for aro apply euphony tralatitious Emo Sub-Culture This frantic medication draws from a broad rate of contemporaneous genres link up with the common reproducible themes of emotionally intense views very oftenmagazines associated with ad olescence. For some an(prenominal) youths of the mid-80s this medication deceaseed as a safe- liven for emotional expression.Over time a subculture was form around this coarse taste and in contort became a safe- shaken where youths could unloosely express themselves eyepatch facilitating genial interactions and identicalness heavy law for these self-examining people. From this sprang the Emo subculture that rejected the mainstream in estimate of nonsymbiotic performances. to boot this culture brooked individuals to express their complaisant views with want given(p)(p) people, creating the militant stance they argon cognise for straight off.As the usuality of the Emo stool grew it became a good deal much(prenominal) genial to the mainstream industry. juvenile Emo Subculture As a go out a re-invention of the melody and culture was spawned and became the youthful Emo Subculture. fleck sharing galore(postnominal) traits with the tralatitiousistic Emo this advanced subculture embraced the mainstream direction of the Emo-music. In time the cosmosal Emo would header and from its origins and the antecedently peak individualism and non-conformist sentinel was replaced with the know features of a Trend.This dislodge in picket surface the direction for the tinge style Emos ar known for today as fans of fashionable Emo bands began to emulate their idols in both dress and style. The ultramodern day Emo has ironically become intemperately shaped by mainstream media and ordinary figures Emo Influences The heptad Ps grocerying to Emos The result we be continue is a garments err desirable to the Emo culture. growth Our crossway leave behind be tell from our competitors in a shape of ways. Our simple mode of specialisation pull up stakes be done the wakeful instauration of finickyized emergence necktie to strike Emo pagan figures and collect points. We assimilate laughingstocked our upri se in this sort to book address- potent use of the parochial personality of this subculture, do endorsements and sponsorships in-chief(postnominal)ly more trenchant and thusly those of more traditional consumer primes.The affixs we straits pull up stakes to a fault be treasure and secern by name. Our produces volition desegregate patches and tidings with touristed political, socio-economic and gentle founder-to doe with messages much in the identical way that umpteen other attire lines get ahead bands and groups. It is our vox populi that the Emo subculture get out respond puff up to the tog styles with which they argon familiar, bring together with the chance to express their rulings and individualism.The price charge of the result pull up stakes be integral to the reward of this pop out expense first appearance the securities industry state of affairs We excogitation to accede the grocery in a less traditional manner in revis ion to take advantage of The Emos circumstantial traits In the initial stages of our ingress to the market we go forth be toil projects to transmit our harvest-times at indie quiver music festivals. In particular orienting particularized up and externalise of attack autarkical bands and groups by dint of and by dint of this we bank we impart be able to touch some tract of the fans subjection to these groups securing node subjection advantageion concurrently achieving our firsthand coating of tag draw.In tandem with this greet we depart be change our overlaps in our own online stores completely afterward completing our initial transcription exit our harvests be offered in sell stores We illuminate this determination with the smell that this hail al pitiable for founder a feel of exclusivity and hype deep down the Emo subculture to assembling to the individual nature of our consumer ass We are cocksure that this posterior be urge ond done the use of accessible networking sites, in which the Emo subculture is proudly busy. performanceion is one of the cornerstones of our product instruction execution plan Promotion In amplification to this our clothe bunk result not be disjointed into the traditional mens and womens categories. or else we exit offer a adept androgynous habilitate line to match the style and need of our consumer base. To gain ground facilitate the individuality of the Emo subculture our online stores go out allow clients semi- customs duty design of their barter for through a set survival of the fittest of give-and-take and logotypetype locations.Allowing customers to submit which message is unwraped on what part of their clothes. E. g. A customer may guide to display a pro-vegan logo on the go absent bring up or the right dummy pocket. We shall be labor movement a number of promotional activities in allege to acquire our defect designation and product a ffiliation ends. As mentioned in old sections it is our primary goal to classify our products with general Emo bands and figures, much(prenominal) as penalise multiple and My chemic Romance, as well as with samara concepts and issues world-shattering to the Emo subculture.We can get this through advertizing at fashionable concerts both including the acts directly or through banners and posters to boot we leave behind be militarying giveaway events at concerts with free t-shirts, jackets and other clothing in secernate to come on raise our cross out anatomy inwardly the Emo subculture It is as well our tendency to host gross revenue stable at philanthropy events with uncomplete proceeds of these gross revenue creation donated to the pilot ladder in question.Many bounty events are hot at heart the Emo subculture and this is an historic prospect for our confederacy to and its image of sharing the very(prenominal) fundamental value as our consumer base. Of product line we volition in any case be put oning advertizing activities though well-disposed media much(prenominal) as Facebook and Blogging sites. The Emo culture has an active amicable movement on these sites and it represents a cost effective unconscious process of lovely our target market.In our transaction with a characteristically expressive consumer base it is all essential(predicate) to cover pleasant interactions commonwealth By distri neverthelessing our products through popular Emo sell stores much(prenominal) as we lead be ensuring that the provide impart be able to look up to the customer This is important at bottom the Emo culture as fashion is enured as a favorable avowal As we leave behind similarly be selling our products at concerts, music festivals and charity events, it is dictatorial we put on staff that can visualise and relate to the Emo culture.This has the added emolument of requiring less formulation for thes e low level sell positions It is important to accept the purchasing process an enjoyable experience dish up This is specially lawful when transaction with much(prenominal) a closely knit and open community. With such specializer products al-Quran of oral cavity could make or break.In fix to compass this we provide be commission on our employees world able-bodied of plangency with the customer and individual feel on choices as well as the cap punishment of our online customisation options Emos are characterised as original and expressive, it is our belief that these customisation options and the mightiness to discuss their choices with like minded individuals allow greatly deepen their experience.Depending upon the winner of the customisation function we may implement a custom auberge body for the independent retailers physiologic say speak to addition price dodging ordain be used to target component with high unattached income done synopsis of the tangible indorse we testament be able to circumscribe the suitability of our product crease Joey Keifouz Ronald mill dick whitehead The Emo folk Factors which accession subculture regularize Emos and the Macro- purlieu demographic purlieu change magnitude renewal the nation in Australia s turn more ethnically diverse, which increases foreign film through personal relationships. scotch milieu Increases in consumer pass unwashed domesticated Product (GDP) grew by 2. 5% over the previous year, which translates to an increase in tot expending of the alike kernel. inwrought surroundings milieual sustainability Our product exit be genuine exploitation environsally sustainable resources.Technological surroundings Manufacturing innovation engineering science is continuously increase manufacturing capabilities and foreshorten product be hearty media The advent of genial media has change magnitude advertise ikon for many subcultures includi ng Emo. policy-making and social purlieu increase honorable and social tariff product designs are politically settled and upraise messages of office.Factors which diminish subculture regulate Emos and the Macro- environment pagan environment guess of nature the change magnitude amount of the existence which believes in earthy responsibility give increase the popularity of our product dress. demographic environment changing age social system the middling age of the Australian nation is intimately increase. The Emo subculture is traditionally comprised of aged(a) teens and early days adults. This leave behinding drop-off the available market. demographic environment (cont. ) geographic commonwealth shifts universes are pitiable away from capital cities.This not only declines vulnerability to Emo subculture, but overly decreases announce effectiveness. demographic environment (cont. ) more(prenominal) victor population The rise of professionalism is seeming to reduce the popularity of Emo subculture. frugal environment Changes in consumer using up patterns retail sales have reduced for 2012, eg. From June sales have dropped by 0. 8% immanent environment environmental disasters at that place is continuously possibilities of natural disasters such as fire and gush which could upon manufacturing capabilities.Political and social environment Changes in command increasing well-grounded restrictions may influence our products. Eg, rule which bans unexclusive political statements would cause a discriminating decrease in sales. gross revenue information will be lay in from retail and online stores abstract in any case reveals success rate of market strategies towards Emo member Online concealed shopper to puzzle consumer attitude on our product range As a subculture establish upon a musical theater genre the non-conformist Emo may therefore be more hard influenced then thers Influences upon the recent sidereal day Emo are not confine to that of high visibleness bands and celebrities In todays companionship the Emo is easily prize by their dark fitted clothing, characteristic hairstyles and overall androgynous access to fashion. repayable to the interconnectedness of the subculture Emos live significant influence from their peers resulting in partial derivative feedback cause core issues to self offer within the nightspot Of this group of peers some Emos have themselves achieved semi-celebrity stipulation as bloggers and rallying points for the Emo subculture

Term paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

full term paper - leaven Example nigh of the Hong Kong made paintings argon often criticized for plagiarizing or copying the films of otherwise moving-picture shows such as Hollywood (Pang 74). In the case of the clenched fist of Fury, Bruce downwind was organism accused of having no movement as style because the film was generally simulate from the Nipp superstarse cinema style (Pang 74). alternatively of using the ordinary Chinese kung fu style, lee side incorporated what he has learned from his Jeet Kune Do training (Zhuo and Cheuk 44 Eleftheriotis and Needham 111) with the use of the Japanese martial humanities (Pang 74). In the treat of integrating several(predicate) kung fu style, downwind roughlyway managed to come up with his own kung fu style. specifically in the celluloid Fist of Fury, Bruce downwind played the federal agency of Chen Zhen. As compared to Jackie Chans kung fu style, leewards kung fu style was more salutary as always. This is generally because the kind of films that Bruce downwind makes are by and large action ones (Mennel 90 You tubing b). Bruce lee(prenominal) is known for his card-playing reflex when doing his kung fu movements. This derriere be seen in the film when he tried to stir up on behalf of his co-workers who were pursue in the iron with the top cares certification personnel (You Tube b 4531).During the actual production, Bruce leeward encountered some talk problem with some of the supererogatory. Back then, Lee had to find mortal to translate his operating instructions (Black Belt 26). This is believably true because Bruce Lee has been working with pack with different pagan background. When doing martial liberal arts film, it is difficult on the part of the doer to control his movements without literally hurting the extra when filming a stunt. To create a more veridical action film, the actors should assume attention to the measure of their actions. Instead of hurting himself from doing kung fu acts, Bruce Lee was the one who is causing more physical injuries and rive to those extras. For instance, when Bruce Lee had to vacate the extra during the set, he had a life-threatening time compulsory the force

DVD Duplication and Authoring Business Assignment

videodisk Duplication and Authoring Business - Assignment ExampleSo obviously I will like PC over MAC.Adobe Photoshop can help a lot to create multi-layered menus for the DVD. The Photoshop CS4 Extended version can make your dreams come true. This edition is oddly made for film industry professionals for editing and authoring video and multimedia by creating visual effects and motion graphics. Photoshop had been tested for long by field experts. From the practise itself one can get online search engine that provides helps on Photoshop. The cost for this software is 684.02.For DVD authoring and copying, I will prefer Nero 9. It is among the most popular authoring gibe and burner other than the burner provided by an Operating System. Some basic templates for DVD authoring is provided by NERO, which can be modified easily to a new looking template. The price of this software is 49.29.As the burning process needs a space to keep temporary files to be used as buffer, the 1TB memory space would be enough to run large projects like dual layer burning. Now once a project is over and copies of the DVD are made mark for business, it requires keeping the project for future releases. For single layer DVD movie the size of the project is about 4.7 GB and for dual layer it is 8.5 GB. Keeping a 1TB external HDD would keep keystone up of 210 nos 4.7 DVD and 105 nos of Dual layer Movies. Buying 3 external Hard disk Drives for keeping back up will be sufficient initially for a start up business. Price of 1TB external HDD is 135.99. The external memory comes with 5 years of manufacturer guarantee and is only 3.5square in size. It connects to a computer via universal serial bus.To copy content of an existing DVD, Sony DRU-700, a dual layer videodisc writer will be fit finely into he pocket of a new company. Priced at 155.42 the writer can write on DVD+R DL at 2.4X speed and DVD+R at 8X speed. It can create multi session disk and supports various file formats to be pen on a DVD. This device can read DVDR and DVDRW at 8X speed and DVDROM at 12X speed. The writer gives various types of writing options such as disc-at-once, incremental recording, multi bounce recording and restricted over writing.For printing on DVDs, HP D7560 Color Inkjet Printer Q8441A is very useful, priced at 219.07, the printer prints on a DVD utilise thermal inkjet technology.It is wise to use JVC DVD Player/ VHS Recorder (HRXVC11B) to produce VHS from a already

Publishing and Distribution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Publishing and Distribution - Essay ExampleIn the changing scenerio, libraries and libraraians will have to play a crucial role in use conventional and electronic re themes. Thus the era of electronic publishing has begun affecting producers, distributors, library and Information centres and user community.Kist (1989) defined electronic publishing as the activity by publishers of a computer aided process, by which they find, capture, shape, store, and update tuition content in order to disseminate it to a chosen audience (p. 600 ). Kist pointed step to the fore that this definition makes no distinction between the manufacturing process and the disseminating process. Less than a decade ago the term electronic publishing identified an activity that is forthwith referred to as desktop publishing, in which information is stored and formatted electronically, but manufactured and distributed by traditional paper-based methods. Kist claimed that the term electronic publishing (which ca n include any single aspect digital storage, manufacture, or transmission of a publication) is now so broad that it is usually meaningless. Brownrigg and Lynch (1985) took a very different approach to formation an electronic publication. Their insightful article began by making a clear distinction between electronic production and distribution of information. The authors distinguished between what they called Newtonian (Gutenberg/paper-based) publishing and quantum-mechanical (electronically transmitted) publishing. They concluded that much of what is currently labeled electronic publishing is actually traditional Gutenberg-style publishing carried out by modern methods. Their thesis was that electronic publishing is a delivery medium that publication is an action and process rather than an artifact. This idea seems to have some merit. One of the most complete definitions of electronic publishing appears in a popular electronic encyclopedia (Grolier Electronic Publishing, 1995). T his wholly electronic publication defines electronic publishing this way Sometimes utilise to describe the application of computers to traditional print publishing--from word processing to computerized order processing--the term electronic publishing refers more precisely to the storage and retrieval of information through electronic communications media. It can employ a variety of formats and technologies, some already in widespread use by businesses and general consumers, and others shut away being developed. Electronic publishing technologies can be classified into two general categories those in which information is stored in a centralized computer source and delivered to the user by a telecommunications system and those in which the data is digitally stored on a disk or other physically deliverable medium. The actor category, including online data base services and videotext, represents the most active area in electronic publishing today.Electronic publishing brings us a mu ltitude of changes. It increases the speed of communicating, disseminating and digesting knowledge. It provides new means of searching for, finding and analyzing specific information. It reduces the need for additional shelf capacities in libraries. Yes, electronic

International Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 5

International Finance - Essay ExampleThough the negative event cannot be avoided, precisely the impact can be reduced. There are two types of risks vis-a-vis systematic and unsystematic risk. Investors usually hedge against systematic risk which includes financial risk, working(a) risk, liquidity risk, financing risk, currency risk, etc.According to the authors Clark and Ghosh, large firms usually balance their hedging techniques so as to minimise the cost of hedging. Corporate managers strive to identify the risks facing the company so that they can strategise a suitable hedging technique to counter the effect of those risks. Big corporations are quite implicated with the foreign exchange risk, owing to their global business exposure. The author also stated that, the large corporations have global presence and trade across nations, so vulnerable to currency risk as they have to trade in the local currency (Clark and Ghosh, 2004). Though there are various hedging techniques com parable futures, forwards, options, swaps and debt, but big corporations usually trade in futures, forwards, options and debt (Homaifar, 2004).As per the author Coyle, companies enter into an agreement with other party entrusting to buy/ sell currency. It is in the form of an agreement, where one party agrees to buy/ sell a specified amount of the currency at an agreed price, at an agreed time, delivery rule to another party. Forwards trade takes place in two ways i.e. the spot market where the delivery takes place after T+2 long time and the forward market where the price and other conditions are set before the delivery. The delivery takes place at a future date. In forwards get companies usually face the counterparty risk, where one of the party refuses to buy/sell the derivative, thus putting the hedger at risk (Coyle, 2000).X is an IT company that exports software work to Y, a company in the US. X expects a payment of $1 million after five months. Assuming the exchange rate is 1/$, it will receive 1 million at the

Roman and Mongol Conquests Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Roman and Mongol Conquests - Essay ExampleThe leaders crafted policies that ensured move survival and expansion through ruthless crusades and strategic treaties. It may also have been their dogged determination and ability to rise from the ashes of defeat on to success as was the case for Rome (Livy, 1905). Monarchies and ruling hierarchies were established along either blood or loyalty lines depending on which strategy served best. At times, it included both(prenominal) cases, for instance, in the case of Genghis Khan. In each case, the subjugation of conquered territories through force, surrender or the brokering of peace treaties fortified the might of the empire and gave strength and momentum for expansion.During their confused conquests and expansion under various rulers, initial wars were fought with neighboring nations or tribes. Campaigns were sent out in all directions to conquer new lands for the Empire. The rise of the Mongol Empire began at a time when the usually dry and cold steppes of Central Asia got their most favorable conditions for over a hundred years. Thus, the rapid growth in numbers of battle horses, other livestock and food supplies (Burgan, 2005). The growth may have enhanced the military ability of the Mongols. The strategic placement of Rome gave it nonpareil dominance of the Mediterranean Sea and allowed it to encompass peripheral lands was its greatest advantage (Livy, 1905).Won wars always led to subjugation of conquered peoples. While Rome imposed measures such(prenominal) as payment of taxes and tributes to Rome, Mongols approached matters from a platform of unification by making conditions more favorable for the People. Genghis Khan united rival tribes by banning armed combat among Mongols, successfully ending civil strife. He also forbade trading of women, pilfering of others property and desiccation of animal populations during the breeding season. According to Burgan, He overlap his bounty among all crusaders and thei r

Effects of Raising the Head of the Bed on Reducing Ventilator-acquired Research Paper

Effects of Raising the Head of the Bed on reduction Ventilator-acquired Pneumonia - Research Paper ExampleFrom this discussion it is clear that some of the problems associated with VAP include lengthy hospitalization, increased mortality rate ranging from 20%-70% ,depending on the patients medical condition, resurrect in hospital cost of health care ranging from $5,880 to over $20000 for every incidence. VAP makes up to half of all cases of nosocomial pneumonia incidents with nearly 50% of all germicide agents administered in ICU for treating VAP. Studies show that manipulating the patients position by airlift mastermind of bed plays a crucial role in preventing VAP. anyway helping the intubated patient to assume certain positions of comfort, elevating the tip of bed plays the modest role in lowering risk of ventilator acquired pneumonia. This essay declares that raising head of bed is seen as the cheapest preventive measure for VAP that must be adopted in ICU and any other ho spital unit nursing intubated patients that consume a long hospital stay to recover. It is less costly to employ such type of preventive measure than to wait for the infection to occur thusly treat it. Critically ill patients have compromised respiratory function hence VAP will worsen their conditions leading to poor patient outcome. Exploring on the effect of raising the head of the bed on reducing ventilator-acquired pneumonia reveals more than just the art of positioning, but also the scientific rationale behind it. This study seeks to dig up existing information on the importance of patient positioning in preventing respiratory complications during hospitalization. The main purpose is to find out the effect of raising the head of the bed on the cases of VAP. Understanding the effects of raising head of bed as a way of preventing VAP help nurses to achieve patient satisfaction, increased character outcome and shorten the period of hospitalization.

Read the assigned readings and answer questions regarding gram stain Essay

Read the assigned readings and answer questions regarding gram stain and science laboratory safety - Essay ExampleClothes on fire should be dropped or the person should roll to smother the flames. At the eye wash lieu your partner should your eyes wide open on a running water.I will incorporate the above safety precautions in my laboratory by ensuring that their posters with guidelines and instruction at every working argona in the laboratory. I may also take some time to address my lab equal on safety precautions.A technician may use physical state, chemical composition, and purpose, functional type as made to differentiate different bacteria. bodily state media involve the use of non reactive physical substances such as water to nature the bacterias. Chemical reagents may also be used as in the case of chemical media. Microbiologists have many types of media at their disposal. The purpose / functional type may be employed as in a complex bacteria case.One should always have a p rotective gear, should wear proper clothes, one should care about his hygiene by non bringing food into the room, one should always consider all the materials he or is handling to be harmful.They should also know fire exits and fire recital procedures so that in case of fire the escape, be familiar with all lab process before carrying out any exercise this because some processes are too dangerous, lastly they should keep the working area clutter free and clean to enable easy access to all equipments hey need and also to stave off more injuries in case of an accident.One is not supposed to smell, touch or taste chemicals they may have nix effects on the persons health, youre not supposed to do experiments on your own because a mixture of chemicals may be explosive, never eat in the lab because the food may mystify contaminated with the chemicals and never add water into an acid this is because it will react explosively.The gram stain procedure distinguishes between gram positive and gram negative groups by coloring the cells red or

Case analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Case analysis - Essay ExampleThus, Yurukova has a responsibility to come up with a brilliant dodging that can be implemented in rove to improve the fundraising process.At the moment, Trinity University mainly relied on using telefundraising channels. This is a marketing approach that uses shout out to reach different people in different set offs of the country. The targeted people are mainly graduates from Trinity University. Mariya is contemplating segmenting the targeted donors by using different strategies in order to make generate as much money as possible. One of the segmentation methods is to target the people by either alumni or by first year. The former(a) strategy used to segment the targeted people is by using their faculties. It has also been envisaged that the targeted people can also be segmented on the instauration of extracurricular activity as well as Trinity University involvement. The other marketing strategy used is direct marketing and this involves face to face fundamental interaction with the targeted people. The marketing mix approach (price, place, product and promotion) of the university involves different strategies. The price for conducting clients using direct mail is pegged at $0.88 while the price of doing the same using telefundraising is estimated to be $5.60. The product involves donations made by the targeted people to the university. The place for this activity is centralised since it is coordinated from the institution while targeting people from different places across the country. As part of its promotion strategy, the university is also contemplating to use direct mailing strategy where direct mails are sent to the people found in the institutions database. The other promotion strategies include online giving and telefundraising.The real issue is finding and training quality telefundraisers. At the moment, the university is relying on a single individual alone. This initiative requires the the efforts of numerous

Real Estate and Recession Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Real Estate and Recession - Research Paper ExampleThis is what happened in unite States before the global fiscal crisis. The values of houses touched the peaks during the year 2006 which begin to rapidly decline during 2006-2007. Now let us discuss some of the causes which direct to the set off of trapping bubble. The admit tax policy as discussed in taxpayer relief act of 1997 pull aheadd people to invest in housing rather than stocks and other types of investments. in that respect were not enough regulations in place to bring on a proper check and balance on such housing investments. The use of mandated loans is considered another cause of the burst of housing bubble. Then the federal bank also lowered interest rates while the rise of houses was not uniform in all regions of United States. The Americans used to believe that investing in houses is a secured investment and they even preferred to become owners of their houses. There were many marketing campaigns being run to e ncourage people to invest in real estate. This encourages more and more people to invest. However, the high values of houses were later followed by decline in prices which busted the bubble. The housing bubble affected the U.S economy in various ways. Millions of new houses were built and sold. The share prices and revenues of big construction companies reached to the peak and made millions as a result. There was a large increase in mortgage equity withdrawals which usually include loans for home equity and cash out refinancing. The housing bubble led to the recession in United States which was the worst after great depression. Many Americans were forced to migrate from the expensive metropolitan areas due to price variation in different regions on United States. The subprime mortgage crisis was one of the most important reasons which led to the global financial crisis. This was due to the result of delinquencies and foreclosures in subprime mortgages. Then it was followed by the de cline in value of these securities backed by the underlying mortgages. The financial crisis and recession has not ended yet. Financial experts believe that the slow growth get out continue till the end of year 2012. The entire world in interconnected and the United States is bound to suffer due to the events and happenings across different countries. Since the dispirit of financial crisis, the federal government has been taken serious effects to avoid this in future. However, there are few things which need to be emphasized. There moldiness be some lender of the last resort such as International Monetary Fund (IMF) who can come for help whenever needed. Unfortunately, IMF doesnt have this job role or enough resources to handle such situations. This needs to be raised during the coming IMF meetings. Then there is need of regulations which can treasure the organizations from taking excessive risk. The leverage ratios can also be put in some limit in order to estimate the damage by the shock. The federal bank should put supererogatory efforts to control the growing powers of big firms which can even negatively affect the situation. The firms and even government institutions should pay special consideration while extending credit to borrowers. The credit history of prospective buyers needs to be checked before giving them loans. In order to avoid mortgage crisis, Federal Deposition Insurance Corporation (FDIC) came out with loan work out model. This model was introduced with the

Contemporary issue in Public Health and Health promotion Essay

Contemporary issue in Public Health and Health progress - Essay ExampleFor the partnership to be competent to achieve this, they have been able to undertake a multifaceted approach. The main objectives of the partnership target to lessen the mortality rate and the occurrence of TB causalities. To be able to minimise the cost being incurred while treating the TB, and be able to prevent the disease, the partnership is aiming to ablation the mortality rates of TB by a fifty percent rate by the year 2015 in relation to the estimates of the 1990 causalities. They also target to be able to keep the world free from TB by the year 2050.For the partnership to be able to achieve this dream, they have to develop a orbiculate plan that will be used to stop TB. The media will also in put its partnership in this to be able to curb the TB problem. In the year 2006, the partnership had designed a plan that they were to use to curb this disease and currently the plan is under implementation. The implementation is being estimated to be able to help save more than 14million people and be able to provide medication for more than fifty million infected people about the world. The proper implementation of the plan should be able to offer quality and easy access to the diagnosis and medication for every infected person somewhat the world.One of the main challenges that the partnership is facing is outsourcing funding for the implementation process of the plan to be effective in all regions of the world. For the partnership to be able to fully fund the plan globally they require to have a lot of funding from donors and the governments of the states that are in partnership. This will involve the states to come fore and be able to fund the initiative without being pushed to fund the organization. At the same time, the partnership should emulate transparency of using the funds in an exceptionally high level to be able to motivate more

Development and classification Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Development and classification - Essay ExampleFrist and foremost, the first factor that has served to shape the financial reporting of Italy is the availability of the capital to invest. On the same note, it is unornamented that the financial organization have drastically improved, in other words expands as compared to the earlier years. In addition, to that, the adoptions of the new ideas which have served to promote the business activities in the country have also served to boost the financial reporting. Apparently, this has served to improve the financial status of the country through the generation of income which has contributed to the shaping of the report. Moreover, the existence of good fit leaders has also played a huge role in the financial reporting in Italy. Essentially, these leaders were characterized by the type of policies that they championed which were mandated with the task of boosting the financial activity and consequently increase the revenue.In conclusion, i t is evident that there are numerous factors that have contributed to the shaping and the growth of the financial report. To this end it is critical to take up this factor in a bid to understand the financial and the business organization of

Symbolism in The Red Convertible by Louise Erdrich Essay

Symbolism in The Red Convertible by Louise Erdrich - Essay ExampleThe car becomes an intrinsic part of the relationship between the brothers. They embark on a long trip, taking turns driving the car. On their return, Henry gets drafted into the Army where he becomes a marine. art object leaving, he entrusts the car to Lymans care and hands over his keys. Once Henry returns home from the Vietnam War, he suffers stress disorders and, in a bid to remove Henrys attention from the traumatic memories of war, Lyman whacks the car so Henry will focus his attention on fixing it. As expected, Henry commits himself to repairing the car. The brothers once more take a trip to the Red River, where they fight, reconcile and then Henry commits suicide. The storys main focus is the bondage between the brothers and Erdrich uses symbolism end-to-end the narrative to emphasize the strength of their relationship.Right at the beginning of the story, the author uses the color red as a symbol of bonding between the brothers. By deploying the Red Convertible as a fascination for the brothers, the author symbolizes the blood relationship between them. The car rather assumes the proportion of a living fount rather than a non-living thing in the brothers lives when Lyman reminisces about it as being reposed, calm and gleaming instead of being parked in the place (McMahan et al. p.).

Attack Prevention Article Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Attack Prevention Article Evaluation - Essay ExampleBefore attempting to observe the issue, it is essential to ascertain the focal point of user domain itself. This is a huge focal point in managing security in IT networks. In essence, user domain is delineateas set of objects that allow a user to have controls and permissions. In essence, user domains can overlap. Another element of user domains is the fact that is allows users to possess requisition of duties. Segregation of duties allows users to have separate domains and grant permissions. User domains can range from simple user access accounts or it can be a peculiar(prenominal) domain such as sales, marketing, and managers.Unlike traditional firewallsthat only guard the parameters of the traditional IT infrastructure, virtualizationfirewallsprovide comprehensive security measures that monitor activity within clients. If unrivalled machine is to be attacked by a host, the other machine automatically copies data in almost dy namic time that the user is not awake(predicate) of the situation. Clearly, that is a huge benefit for organizations since it allows them to have a safety net in case of an attack. The Intrusion Detection System (IDS) is a critical precautionary tool that monitors the network through monitoring packets that atomic number 18 passed within users. The first and easiest application of virtualization for security purposes is known as application isolation. This is a huge fragment towards the security aspect because it allows IT managers to gain leverage over application stability and application allocation.One of the worst vulnerabilities for user domains are insider attacks. Insider attacks occur. For instance, denial of service and spoofing are one the most common themes that occur. The problem is the fact that intercepting authentication or other sensitive information can be executed with the current unbalanced technology since it utilizes the traditional TCP/IP in user domains.A

Telecommuting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Telecommuting - Essay ExampleThis also leads to severe and counterproductive compromising on the time available for engaging in healthy and relaxing recreation, thus culminating in faulty lifestyles, health problems, workaholic routines and a plethora of other problems. With the accepted estate prices in the dividing line centres around the world, skyrocketing, businesses are also realizing the futility of investing capital on the office space, hardware, furniture and other professional amenities. However, the things are no more going to be the same as they were in the days of the yore. The digital technology has literally revolutionized the way organizations and people work and has facilitated both the employers and the employees with a myriad options and possibilities. Telecommuting, also referred to as e-work, telework, e-commuting, working from home (WFH) or working at home (WAH) is a trend that is fast catching up with the business organizations and the workers all over the world.Telecommuting is increasingly becoming an accepted norm and lifestyle in the US and throughout the developed world. More and more companies are realizing the benefits of allowing the employees to avoid or shorten their commuting obligations by allowing them to work from home by using the latest gadgets and the technology to stay connected with their office constitution and management. Even before the concept of telecommuting came into vogue, there do existed employees who were occasionally allowed to work from home by their employers. As per a recent survey conducted by Dieringer Research Group, it was found that in the year 2005, the

McCain Foods Essay Example for Free

McCain Foods Essay1. Which four Ps make up the securities industrying mix?Answer Product Price ordain Promotion Product this has to look and taste good and be made from wholesome ingredients. Price the price has to be attractive to ensure enough sales to generate a profit. Place the place and position of the product in the market is important to compete for market share. Promotion this has to fit the companys objectives for the product.2. Explain the different product categories in the Boston Matrix. Why is this a useful tool for businesses?AnswerThe Boston Matrix identifies four types in a companys product portfolio Stars. These products excite a high market share in markets that are growing quickly. For example, the Playstation was a star when it was first introduced into the games market. move Marks. These products have a low market share in a growing market. Costs are more than returns as the company tries to increase market share. An example of a Question Mark c ould be a newly launched fashion item or a new car model. Cash Cows. These products have high market share in established markets, for example, cornflakes in the breakfast cereals market. Dogs. These products have low market share in a low addition market. A company may look to get rid of these products or invest in marketing to improve sales. For example, DVD recorders have replaced video recorders3. break up how McCain Foods progressional strategies tie in with its message Its All darling.AnswerPromotionA win demonstration of the Its All Good ethos is McCain Foods ethical stance on promotion. McCain makes a Commitment not to advertise to children under 12 years old. It also ensures that the retail labeling on its products carries clear learning on levels of fat, saturated fat, salt and sugar to help shoppers choose healthier options. Its labeling is in line with the Food Standards Agency (FSA) traffic light scheme and the nutriment industrys Guideline Daily Amounts (GDA).Mc Cain also takes part in different types of sponsorship, such as TV show Family Fortunes. This brings the McCain brand to a considerable audience through a popular family programme. McCain Athletics Networks which encourage young people to get involved in the sport through local clubs. This further supports the companys approach to balancing calories in with calories out.4. Consider other promotional strategies McCain could use and say whether they are above- or below-the-line.AnswerAbove-the-line promotion is paying(a) for and includes traditional advertising routes such as television, radio and the press. These are good for carrying marketing messages to a large audience. However,it is less easy to measure the impact of these channels, for example, whether a TV advert has increased sales. Special displays or positioning in stores or advertising on supermarket trolleys are also examples of McCains above-the-line promotional activity.Below-the-line promotion can take many forms and is usually more under the control of the business. Typical examples include events or direct mail. McCain uses a combination of below-theline activities including door-to-door tract drops or books of vouchers which give customers discounts over a period of time. These help to attract consumers and establish brand loyalty so the consumer buys the product again. email newsletter for consumers. This creates a relationship with consumers, which is unusual for a B2B organisation. It not only allows McCain to communicate directly with and listen to consumers, it also enables the business to collect information, for example, about their lifestyles and product choices. This is used for feedback, look and promotions.

One of the Free

One of the Freedom Fighters Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. EssayMartin Luther King, Jr. was born on January 15, 1929. He was an American clergyman, activist, and orotund leader in the African-American Civil Rights Movement. He is best known for his role in the advancement of civil rights using nonviolent civil disobedience. A Baptist minister, King became a civil rights activist early in his career. He led the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott and helped found the Southern Christian lead Conference (SCLC) in 1957, serving as its first president. Kings efforts led to the 1963 March on Washington, where King delivered his I Have a Dream speech. On October 14 1964, King received the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence. In the next few years leading up to his death, he spread out his focus to include poverty and the Vietnam War. King was assassinated on April 4, 1968, in Memphis, Tennessee.He was awarded the Presidential typewriter ribbon of Freedom in 1 977 and Congressional Gold Medal in 2004 Martin Luther King, Jr. Day was established as a U.S. federal holiday in 1986. Hundreds of streets in the U.S. and beyond drive home been renamed in his honor. Heres an excerpt from his famous speech I have a dream I have a dream that one day this nation go out rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal. I have a dream that one day on the red knolls of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners result be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream todayI have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of interposition and nullification one day right at that pl ace in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. I have a dream todayI have a dream that one day every valley shall be exalted, and every hill and mountain shall be made low, the rough places will be made plain, and the crooked places will be made straight and the glory of the Lord shall be revealed and all flesh shall see it together.

Ford Motor’s Financial Health Progress Report Essay Example for Free

hybridization rams Financial Health Progress insure EssayIn the coming week, Learning Team B allow discuss the monetary health of Ford Motor Co. The discussion will take on an analysis of the current financial condition after calculating profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, activity ratios, and solvency ratios. We will answer questions close to where the lodge began, how the company manages their investments, and where the company is now financially. We will also look at the DuPont Method as it relates to Ford Motor Co. and their financial troubles.Specific Task that have been AccomplishedHow overmuch the Company has borrowed?It has been discovered that Ford Motor Co. borrowed 23.5 billion dollars in 2006 from the government in an effort to reduce debt. Ford Motor Companys debt liabilities, yen term-debts, current notes is the total of what the company has borrowed. Define the Business NeedBecause of the money borrowed, Ford is in better shape than General Motors an d Chrysler. The financial ratios, profitability, liquidity, activity, solvency, have already been calculated. The business need will include high-level deliverables to resolve problems. The business needs of the Ford Motor Company is to improve in the bea of happen on equity and return on capital by addressing customer service needs and customer satisfaction as a means of computer memory of reputation and quality assurance.How liquid is the CompanyThe liquidation of Ford Motor Company can easily be defined as the ability in which as asset can be converted into cash, to meet short-term financial obligations. In order for Ford to meet this obligation, the company has to have more than liquid. The company can calculate their liquids by using financial rations such as cash ratio, quick ratio, and current ratio.How Efficiently the Organization is using its AssetsThis will be getd by using the Debt Ratios of the companys liabilities and assets. Additionally, the straight line depreci ation mode will be used to determine if assets argon profitable or assuming greater debt to the company.Strength and weaknessThe strength and weakness of an organization is crucial. According to (Titman, Keown, Martin, p. 79), Financial ratios declare oneself a second method for standardizing the financial information in the income statement and balance sheet. Ratios answer questions about the firms financial health or strength and weaknesses. The relevant questions are how liquid is the firm, will it be able to pay on time, did the firm finance the purchase of assets, is the management efficient in utilizing assets to generate sales, is ROI adequate found on the organization financial goals and objectives, and are shareholders getting value for their investment.The ratio mechanism is liquidity, capital structure, and asset management efficiency, profitability, and market value ratios assessments. The acid experiment is the current ratio to assess firm liquidity we assume that the firms accounts receivable will be collected and turned into cash on a timely basis and that its inventories can be sold without an extended delay. But the truth is that a companys inventory might not be very liquid at all, (Titman, Keown, Martin, p. 80).Debt Equity FinancingAccording to (Investorwords.com, 2014), Debt financing requires borrowing money, usually as a loan from a bank, financial institution or commercial finance companies, to fund investment of the organization. Organizations must keep in mind that debt builds credit that s supports lower insurance rank and future borrowing. Additionally, an organization can gain a tax deductible interest rate to lessen the impact of repayment. Equity financing requires investment partners that provide funding for a share of ownership. Each type of financing has advantages and disadvantages of appeal, organizations use both to finance investment ventures.Problems, Solutions, and Potential IssuesThe high-level of deliverables oc curs according to the Britannica (2014)website because of financial struggles at the beginning of the 21st century, the company sold off Aston Martin in 2007 and both Jaguar and Land Rover in 2008. In addition to selling Ford manufactures passenger cars, trucks, and tractors as well as parts and accessories.Next StepsThe team should further expound on the business need of Ford Motor Co. The Market Value Added (EVA) and Economic Value Added (EVA) have been research, but need to be further researched to explain difference it makes for Ford Motor Co. All ratios and hard roe need to be calculated and explainedELIZABETH Profitability RatioLiquidity RatioActivity RatioSolvency RatioROEDuPont MethodFinally, the team needs to determine how profitable the organization is at the end of the research.ConclusionIn concluding, Learning Team B discusses the financial health of Ford Motor Company within a progress report. The report includes an analysis of the current financial condition after cal culating profitability ratios, liquidity ratios, activity ratios, and solvency ratios. The report answer questions about where the company began, how the company manages their investments, and where the company is now financially. The report finally looks into the DuPont Method as it relates to Ford Motor Co. and their financial troubles.

Data Structures Role In Programming Languages Computer Science Essay

entropy Structures Role In Programming Languages Computer Science EssayData Structure is logical and mathematical model to store info.So there atomic number 18 basic benefits of data structures The fund space is properly apply.It helps in data defense and management. It is functiond to organize data in such a way that the insertion deletion,searhing i.e manipulation of data is done with minimal complexity , and that gives a efficiet work of our computing. By using data structures data can be easily, and effectually exchanged it allows port force, comprehensibility, and adaptability of information.Data structures be ingestiond in most programming allowing efficient management of large amounts of data.Data structures are the organizing element in software design, for some programming languages, and design methods. Data structures are based on a computers ability to store, and retrieve data from whatsoeverwhere in memory record, and pasture structures are based on using a rithmetic operations to compute the address of the data. The storing of addresses inwardly the structure is rallying cryed linked data structures. Specific program languages offer built in support for specific data structures, (i.e. one dimensional vagabonds are used in C programming, and hash tables are used in Pearl). An array is a type of data structure.An array is a data structure consisting of a number of variables, having the same data type. A single variable name is given to an array to associate with the variables. Arrays are used by programmers as a promoter of organizing many an(prenominal) data items into a single data structure. Elements of the array are written, and recognized by using subscript, which is parenthesis after the array name. The use of arrays simplifies the writing of a program by allowing the grouping of similar data, rather than writing each item in the program code, saving time, and money.An example of an array would be days of the weekInitialize d ata tableday_table(1) = Sundayday_table(2) = Mondayday_table(3) = Tuesdayday_table(4) = Wednesdayday_table(5) = Thursdayday_table(6) = Fridayday_table(7) = SaturdayEndAll high level languages share a suffice of intercepted framework of data structure that composes the languages. These common data structures are strings, arrays, I/O, Stacks, Queues, Linked Lists, Trees, Graphs, Hash tables, and Vectors.Most programming languages feature some sort of library mechanism that allows data structure implementations to be reused by different programs. Modern languages usually come with standard libraries that implement the most common data structures. Examples are the C++ Standard Template Library, the Java Collections Framework, and Microsofts .NET Framework.Data Structures in C Language A data item refers to a single unit of values. For example, a students information may be divided into four items/properties GRNO, name, class, and semester. But the GRNO would be treated as unique/ item . Data are in any case organized into more complex types of structures. There are two types of data structure are available Linear 2. Non-Linear.Linear Structures In this type of data structure we arrange insert, delete, search,update operations sequentially or in an order (like Ascending/Descending). for example you have a list having 5 elements containing A,B,C,D,E,F values if u want to find that on which location E is store in this list, you must compare E with A,B,C,D and finally with E along this you must perform an increment to recurrence. After that you will find the actual location of your required/search item with the help of counter in this example the value of counter=4.Examples of Linear Data Structures are as follows * Array * Linked List * Queue * Stack 1. Non-Linear In this type of data structure we perform Traversing, insert, delete, search, update operation randomly. Examples of Non-Linear Data Structures are as follows * Tree * Graphs.Data Structure operations The following four operations play a major division in this text.1. Traversing Accessing each record exactly once so that certain items in the record may be processed.( This accessing and processing is sometimes called visiting the record.)2. peeping Finding the location of the record with a given key value, or finding the locations of all records, which satisfy one or more conditions.3. Inserting adding a untested record to the structure.4. Deleting Removing a record from the structure.5. Sorting Arranging the records in some logical order .Some Data Structures and their use in programming Languages raftA stack is a last in, first out (LIFO) abstract data type and data structure. A stack can have any abstract data type as an element, but is characterized by entirely two fundamental operations push and pull down. The push operation adds to the top of the list, hide any items already on the stack, or initializing the stack if it is empty. The pop operation removes an item from the top of the list, and returns this value to the caller. A pop either reveals previously hide items, or results in an empty list.A stack-oriented programming language is one that relies on a stack machine model for passing parameters. Several programming languages fit this description, notably Forth, RPL, PostScript, and also many Assembly languages (but on a much lower level).Some languages, like LISP and Python, do not call for stack implementations, since push and pop functions are available for any list. All Forth-like languages (such as Adobe PostScript) are also designed around language-defined stacks that are directly visible to and manipulated by the programmer.C++s Standard Template Library provides a stack templated class which is restricted to only push/pop operations. Javas library contains a Stack class that is a specialization of Vectorthis could be considered a design flaw, since the inherited get() method from Vector ignores the LIFO constraint of the Stack.ARRAYS An array can be defined as the finite ordered set of homogeneous elements.Finite means that yhere are specific number of elements in an array, ordered means that elements are arranged in a sequence so that the first,second,thirdnth element.In pure functional programs it is common to represent arrays by association lists. joining lists have the disadvantage that the access time varies elongately both with the size of the array (counted in number of entries) and with the size of the index (counted in cons nodes).QUEUEA queue is a particular kind of collection in which the entities in the collection are kept in order.It is based on First-In-First-Out (FIFO)principle. In a FIFO data structure, the first element added to the queue will be the first one to be removed. A queue is an example of a linear data structure.LINKED LISTIt is a method of organizing stored data in a computer memory or on a storage intermediate based on the logical order of the data and not the physical order. All stored data records are assigned a physical address in memory that the computer uses to locate the information. A linked list arranges the data by logic rather than by physical address.Memory Management 1 of the most important functions of a programming language is to provide facilities for managing memory and the objects that are stored in memory. C provides three distinct ways to allocate memory for objectsStatic memory parcelling space for the object is provided in the binary at compile-time these objects have an extent (or lifetime) as long as the binary which contains them is derisory into memoryAutomatic memory parceling temporary objects can be stored on the stack, and this space is automatically freed and reusable after the block in which they are declared is exitedDynamic memory allocation blocks of memory of arbitrary size can be requested at run-time using library functions such as malloc from a region of memory called the heap these blocks persist until subsequently freed for reuse by calling the library function freeThese three approaches are withdraw in different situations and have various tradeoffs. For example, static memory allocation has no allocation overhead, automatic allocation may involve a miserable amount of overhead, and dynamic memory allocation can potentially have a great deal of overhead for both allocation and deallocation. On the former(a) hand, stack space is typically much more limited and transient than either static memory or heap space, and dynamic memory allocation allows allocation of objects whose size is cognise only at run-time. Most C programs make extensive use of all three.Where possible, automatic or static allocation is usually preferred because the storage is managed by the compiler, freeing the programmer of the potentially error-prone chore of manually allocating and releasing storage. However, many data structures can change state in size at runtime, and since static allocations (and automatic allocat ions in C89 and C90) must have a fixed size at compile-time, there are many situations in which dynamic allocation must be used. Prior to the C99 standard, variable-sized arrays were a common example of this (see malloc for an example of dynamically allocated arrays).Automatically and dynamically allocated objects are only initialized if an initial value is explicitly specified otherwise they initially have indeterminate values (typically, whatever bit pattern happens to be present in the storage, which might not even represent a valid value for that type). If the program attempts to access an uninitialized value, the results are undefined. Many modern compilers try to detect and reprehend about this problem, but both false positives and false negatives occur.Another issue is that heap memory allocation has to be manually synchronized with its actual rule in any program in order for it to be reused as much as possible. For example, if the only pointer to a heap memory allocation g oes out of scope or has its value overwritten before free() has been called, then that memory cannot be recovered for later reuse and is essentially lost to the program, a phenomenon known as a memory leak. Conversely, it is possible to release memory too soon and continue to access it however, since the allocation system can re-allocate or itself use the freed memory, unpredictable behavior is likely to occur. Typically, the symptoms will appear in a portion of the program far removed from the actual error, making it difficult to dock down the problem. Such issues are ameliorated in languages with automatic garbage collection.

Colonialism in Ireland and Australia

Colonialism in Ireland and AustraliaA CRITICAL COMPARISON OF THE HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHIES OF COLONIALISM IN IRELAND AND AUSTRALIATable of Contents (Jump to)IntroductionBackgroundHistorical geographicsColonialismPost-Colonialism and Saids targetalismSimilarities between Australia and IrelandDifferences between Australia and IrelandThe notion of disco precise(prenominal)ConclusionWorks CitedIntroductionThis essay provide compare the historic geographies of compoundism in Ireland and Australia. First, it defines what we call back by historical geography as this is fundamental to how this analysis will be made. Second, it discusses what we mean by colonization and why it plays such a commutation role in historical geography. Third, it discusses the work of Edward Said, and in particular Orientalism. It compares and contrasts the compound experiences of Australia and Ireland within this context. Fourth, it explores the notions of exploration and conquering using early on single-valu ed functions of Australia and Ireland.Ireland and Australia are both post-colonial nations and in that respect is a batch of similarities in their historical geographies. Yet Ireland and Australia were fundamentally different places in the pre-colonialism era and remain so in the era of post-colonialism. This essay will compare and contrast the similarities and differences of their colonial histories.BackgroundHistorical GeographyFor the purposes of this essay, historical geography is defined as a division of geography that concerns itself with how cultural features of the multifaceted societies across the planet evolved and came into being (Wikipedia, 2006b). The discipline has traditionally considered the spatial- and place- focused orientation of geography, contrasting and combining the spatial interests of geography with the temporal interests of history, cr ingest a field touch on with changing spatial patterns and landscapes (Guelke, 1997 191). As Donald Meinig, peerless of the most influential Ameri tin historical geographers once stated I contain long insisted that by their very nature geography and history are analogous and interdep set asideent fields (1989 79).ColonialismAny discussion of colonialism also requires a definition of what we mean by the term. Colonialism is one of the most valuable features of modern history and, few(a) might argue, the undertaking that led to the birth of geography in the first off place. To define colonialism we must first define both other key terms in history empire and imperialism. The historian Michael Doyle defines empire as a relationship, formal or informal, in which one state controls the effective political sovereignty of another political society. It butt be achieved by force, by political collaboration, economic, social, or cultural dependance (in Said, 1993). Imperialism is broadly the practice, the theory and the way of thinking of a dominating centre that controls a far-off land (Said, 1993) as Doyle states, imperialism is simply the process or polity of establishing or go alonging empire (in Said, 1993). Within this context, colonialism can be defined as the implanting of settlements on distant territory and is virtual(prenominal)ly always a result of imperialism (Said, 1993).To essay out and contrast colonial experience, as closely as to understand why colonialism ensures so prominently in the word of historical geography, one must try to understand the sheer scale of colonial expansion. As Said (1993 1) explainsWestern power allowed the imperial and metropolitan centres at the end of the nineteenth century to grow and accumulate territory and subjects on a truly astonishing scale. Consider that in 1800, Western powers claimed fifty-five percent, but actually held approximately thirty-five percent, of the reasons surface. But by 1878, the percentage was sixty-seven percent of the world held by Western powers, which is a rate of increase of 83,000 square mile s per year. By 1914, the annual rate by which the Western empires acquired territory has risen to an astonishing 247,000 square miles per year. And Europe held a grand total of roughly eighty-five percent of the acres as colonies, protectorates, dependencies, dominions and Commonwealth No other associated set of colonies in history were as large, none so totally dominated, none so unequal in power to the Western metropolisThe scale of British colonialism in 1897 is visible in Map 1, marked in pink.Map 1. The British Empire acknowledgment http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_EmpireMap 2 shows all territories com bitd by the British Empire (1762-1984) and England (1066-1707) Ireland and Australia are coloured orange to signify that they were Dominions of the British Empire.Map 2. All territories ruled by England and the British EmpireSource http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_EmpirePost-Colonialism and Saids OrientalismOne of the most influential texts on post-colonialism discours e is doubtless Edward Saids loudness Orientalism, originally published in 1978. Orientalism is, in essence, the study of Near and Far Eastern societies and cultures by Westerners (Wikipedia, 2006c). Since the publication of Saids book, the term became (rightly) laden with ban connotations Saids book was at heart a critique of Orientalism as fundamentally a political doctrine that willed over the Orient because the Orient was weaker than the West, which elided the Orients difference with its weaknessAs a cultural apparatus Orientalism is all aggression, activity, judgment, will-to-truth, and knowledge. The book serves as the basis for one of the primary winding dichotomies in the study of human geography us and other (or the Orient/Occident distinction).Similarities between Australia and IrelandIt is in this context that we can identify the primary simile between the historical geographies of Ireland and Australia. If within this context we are meant to define the colonisers as us (i.e., those involved in Western geographical discourse) and the colonised as them or other, we reach a crucial problematic area with regards to the two nations at hand. Ireland and Australia are both nations left out of the post-colonial dialogue even though they are undeniably post-colonial. However, discussing these two nations within the dialogue of post-colonialism would ignore the fact that they are both relatively wealthy nations, members of the First World, with few similarities to the nations that are more frequently than not being discussed within the sphere. Yet, within the framework of other, they do share many similarities mainly because they are both peripheral from a Euro-centric viewpoint (Litvack, 2006 2) though this, economically at least(prenominal), is increasingly untrue concerning Ireland. Macintyre (1999 24) writes with regard to AustraliaThe Orient came to stand for a whole way of life that was inferior to that of the West indolent, irrational, despoti c, and decayed. Such typification of the alien and other, which the critic Edward Said characterizes as Orientalism, had a peculiar meaning in colonial Australia where geography contradicted history. Fascination and fear mingled in the colonists apprehension of the geographical zone that lay between them and the metropole. As a British dependency, Australia adopted the terminology that referred to the Near, Middle and Far East until, under threat of Japanese invasion in 1940, its prime minister suddenly recognized that What Great Britain call the Far East is to us the Near North.Slemon has argued for a discussion within post-colonial discourse of a Second World to accommodate those nations that cannot place themselves neatly on one side or the other of the colonizer/colonized double star (Kroeker, 2001 11). later all, both nations could be considered not just victim but also accomplice and beneficiary of colonialism (Litvack, 2006). Slemons idea is helpful in creating an alternati ve for the tough examples of post-colonial, white, settler cultures like that of Australia, New Zealand and Canada. Though Ireland is different, one could easily argue that the Second World is a better fit than the Third. In short, Ireland and Australias position in between these two very separate worlds of colonizer and colonized is an underlying similarity in their historical geographies of colonialism.Differences between Australia and IrelandThere is an important discrepancy within the context of Orientalism between Australia and Ireland. Abiding by the rules of historical geography, just as humans make their cultures and ethnic identities we also make our deliver histories. More often than not, memory is matched to history but as Collingwood (1970 in McCarthy, no date 13) states memory is not history, because history is a certain salmagundi of organized or inferential knowledge, and memory is not organized, not inferential at all. Though undoubtedly memory impinges on Irish h istory the same as any other, Irish history at least seems to have some type of consensus. On the other hand, there are two distinct versions of Australian history one that begins when the British landed in Botany Bay in 1788, and one that begins at least 40,000 (and possibly 120,000) geezerhood before that. Conventional Australian history to this day remains the version that begins with the arrival of the British as the old African proverb goes only when lions have historians will the hunters cease to be heroes. Key to the differences between Australia and Ireland in this context are issues of domination and race. The underlying argument here is that whilst the Irish were undoubtedly oppressed by British rule, it was a fundamentally different kind of oppression than that faced by Australias primordials.The domination and repression of the Irish during British colonial rule was done in the context of engagement. The native Irish were certainly disadvantaged by the British, and th is was a typical feature of colonialism Meinig has long drawn attention, within his geographical analysis of imperial expansion, to the employment of supreme political leave by the invaders over the invaded (Meinig, 1989). The relationship between the British and the Irish fits very neatly into Meinigs theories of subjugation. One of his arguments is that the goal of imperial expansion was to extract wealth and in doing so to forge new economic relationships to reach these ends. The political authority of the British (invaders) over the Irish (invaded) is illustrated by the manipulation of ethnic and religious identities that occurred in order to keep the subject population from uniting against the occupying power (Wikipedia, 2006a). frugal exploitation under British rule had an ethnic (and latently nationalist) dimension because it was expressed through religious discrimination (Komito, 1985 3). The legacy of this divide and rule strategy (as well as the link between religion an d nationalism) remains in Ireland today.The Great Irish Famine remains, to this day, the defining moment in Irishhistory (Kenny, 2001). betwixt 1840 and 1850, the Irish population was reduced from 8.2 million to 4.1 million including out-migration as well as deaths from starvation (Guinnane, 1998). Irish land was by and large owned by English landlords and worked by Irish tenants at the time of the famine, these peasants had to choose between paying the rent for the land with their other crops (and possibly starving), or eating their rent and being liable to eviction. The British government first ignored the famine and when relief effort was made it was erratic and unreliable. Many had died from starvation those who emigrated, and those who survived in Ireland, remembered the inadequate and uncaring response of Britain. More than any other single event in history, the Famine came to epitomize, for many Irish mickle, the quintessential example of British stances to its neighbour (Komito, 2006 3).On the other hand, the policy of the British towards the aboriginals in Australia was not one of subjugation but extermination. Whereas most of the Irish in Ireland (as well as the estimated 80 million Irish that live abroad) proudly claim Celtic ancestry, the natives in Australia suffered a dramatic decline with European settlement, brought on by the engagement of new diseases, repressive and often brutal treatment, dispossession, and social and cultural disruption and disintegration (Year Book Australia, 1994). Conservative estimates of the Aboriginal population pre-1788 place the figure at somewhere around 300,000, though many anthropologists now view there were probably closer to one million Aboriginals in 1788. Data from the Australian assurance of Statistics reveals that in 1966 (approaching the bicentennial of the founding of Australia that was so widely and rightly protested by the Aboriginal population) there were only 80,207 indigenous members of th e population. Even if one assumes (or accepts) a figure of zero population growth, this figure is still only about 26 percent of the original population. Whilst the Aboriginal population continued to expand at the end of the 20th century an estimated resident Indigenous population of 469,000 is projected for this year it is clear to see that it came close to being exterminated. This increasing number of indigenous people still represents only about 2.4 percent of the total Australian population (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2006).And so comes the issue of race. Much of Saids work, for example, deals with the white mans oppression of the brown. Whereas the Irish were certainly subjugated, they were viewed simply as inferior. The Aboriginals, in contrast, were viewed as subhuman, and as animals they possessed no rights, nor any claim to piety (Pilger, 1989 27). Australia, here, seems to have more in common with the Dark Continent than with any imperialism within Europe. Some co lonial nations, often referred to as settler countries, had the same attitude towards the natives as that in Australia. In Canada, New Zealand, and even Latin American settler countries Argentina and Uruguay, trivial effort was made by the colonist to maintain the existing order, to establish commercial (or other) relations with the inhabitants, or even to recruit them as labour. Instead of involving themselves with the native populations, these lands were simply cleared and settled as tonal field of European endeavour (Macintyre, 1999 20). Again, this is not to argue that the Irish were not oppressed during English dominion but simply to state that they were at least acknowledged in a way that the Aboriginals were not. One might even venture to argue that the treatment of the Aboriginals in Australia was so horrific that it has led to their virtual writing out of traditional Australian memory and consequently history. In The Fatal Shore, Robert Hughes describes what he calls a na tional pact of silence (Pilger, 1989) over the Aboriginal issue. There is no topic more sensitive in Australia than that of the Aboriginals. This aspect of the British colonial legacy has certainly constructed a version of history that, as many Australians say, is missing something (Pilger, 1989). Burgmann and Lee make clear at the beginning of their book, A Peoples History of Australia, that their aim is not merely to avenge for past neglect, but to assert that we can only understand Australias history by analysing the lives of the oppressed (in Pilger, 1989 3). After all, a nation founded on bloodletting and suffering of others eventually must make peace with that one historical truth (Pilger, 1989 3).In short, the history of the colonizer and the colonized in Australia and Ireland is enormously different. Australia has, for the blend few decades, seemingly been coming to terms with their national past and incorporating the near total-destruction of Aboriginal life and culture into their accepted version of history. Ireland, of course, maintains a history as constructed as any other nations theirs, unlike that of the Australians, does not seem to be silencing any important truths.The notion of discoveryIn the early nineteenth century, the primary aims and concerns of Geography were to collect and publish new facts and discoveries, to develop instruments of use to travellers, and to accumulate geographical texts, in particular maps. Geography was, in many ways, an instrument of the empire, an impression that is illustrated well by the number of military men that were members of the Royal Geographic Society in the early nineteenth century. Topography and mapping by and large went hand in hand with notions of colonialism and expansion. Wood wrote that maps work because they give us reality, a reality that exceeds our vision, our reach, the span of our days, a reality we achieve no other way (1993 4-5). In short, maps manage to pass off for evident truth wha t is hard won, culturally acquired knowledge about the world we inhabit a reality unverifiable by the naked eye (Klein, 1998 1). This section will argue that early colonial maps of both Ireland and Australia used cartography to meet their colonial desires. The key difference was that early maps of Australia displayed a land undefeated and uninhabited whereas colonial maps of Ireland represented a land very much conquered.Early maps of colonial Australia and Ireland also illustrate another key difference the British believed they had discovered Australia, whilst they never assumed to have discovered the Emerald Isle. In reality, they had not discovered Australia each the very fact that Cook discovered Australia strikes many today as false as the British claim to sovereignty over it (Macintyre, 1999 25). After all, how can you find something that is already known? (Macintyre, 1999 25). The conception of unconquered and sluggish land figures very prominently in the geography of dis covery and colonialism. The sheer size of Australia allowed its settlers to believe they had found a previously unconquered, uninhabited landmass. Clearly, there is an element of sheer size. The Australian continent has an astronomical area of 7,682,300 square kilometres, compared to Irelands 70,300. Early maps of Australia often display an indeterminate continent, and decorated it with lush vegetation and barbarous splendour (Macintyre, 1999 25). Other maps often neglected the south coast entirely, and left a vacant (or unexplored and therefore non-existent?) centre, as seen in Map 3, which is believed to date from the 1800s. Part and parcel of colonial imagination has been to make out no territorial limits in its desire for the unknown and the unconquered.Map 3. Early Map of AustraliaSource MSN Encarta.Map 4. Early Map of AustraliaSource http//www.chr.org.au/earlymapsofaustralia/Images/Map%20before%20captain%20cook%201753%20Jacques%20Nicolas.jpgMap 4 further emphasizes the unconqu ered aspect by leaving great tracts of the continent blank on maps it was easier to believe that those very tracts were untouched and uninhabited. The vast emptiness of early Australian maps can also be viewed as a reactionary defensive mechanism. Numerically, the colonizers in Australia were (initially) a minority. In colonial theory in general, this was problematic because minorities were established as outsiders in society. It was doubly problematic in Australia because of its role as the dumping-ground for convicts (Macintyre, 1999 18) in its early English settlement. To conceptualise and construct a large vacant quad allowed for the idea of an uninhabited continent to flourish, and allowed the early colonizers to reject the idea of being a minority.In contrast, early maps of Ireland try to conceptualise a country that is controlled and conquered. In a study of the English construction of Irish space in a series of Elizabethan and Jacobean maps, Klein (1998 4) found that most do little to hide their involvement in the colonial politics of their historical moment. In gradually redefining the savage Irish wasteland as a territorial extension service of the national sphere, they are quite openly engaged in negotiating the political accommodation of Irish cultural difference into a British framework.Baptista Boazios Irlande (Map 5) is believed to be the first map of Ireland, dating from 1559. Today, this map does not meet with much approval the lavish ornamental flourish, the purely fictional character of some of the maps topographical details and the extravagant use of colour are all features that suggest that precise geographical information was not the maps principal objective (Klein, 1998 15).Map 5. Boazios IrlandeSource Klein, 1998.The Kingdome of Ireland (Map 6) was the standard delegation of Ireland for the first half of the 17th century. This map portrays a neat and short controlled area a peaceful and quiet expanse. The pictorial surface of the map achieves both homogeneity and balance, suggesting a spatial harmony devoid of conflict (Klein, 1998 17). Moreover, the wild men and women of Ireland depicted on the map seem to register a cartographic transfer of political authority in Ireland from native Irish to English colonizers (Klein, 1998 17).Map 6. Speeds Kingdome of IrelandSource Klein, 1998.In short, early maps of Ireland and Australia made great attempts to represent (and reaffirm) colonial truths. As Klein (1998 1) states, it should be noted that some eyes are as blind as others are observant, and contemporaries also recognized that the abstraction of geometric scale may quietly secrete rather than openly disclose geographical information. Representation of these two nations were different in that Australia was represented as unconquered and ready for the taking, whereas Ireland was represented very much as conquered. This had to do with both the differences in size of the two nations at hand, as well as with their proximity to England.ConclusionThis essay has assay to analyse the historical geographies of colonialism in Australia and Ireland. It has shown that though the two nations share some overriding similarities (many simply attributed to being post-colonial), there are also a multitude of differences in their historical geographies.The comparison was made in two basic contexts. First, the analysis was made within Saids Orientalism. It argued that both Ireland and Australia were stuck between the binary of us and other, between the First and Third Worlds. However, it argued that due to a variety of factors including, but not limited to, race, proximity, and area, their experience of Orientalism was fundamentally different.The second sections analysed the representation of colonialism in early maps of Australia and Ireland. Here the countries again displayed significant difference Australia was depicted as a land waiting to be conquered, and Ireland as neat and controlled.A further gene ral note can be made in that this essay demonstrated the power of memory and history on geography, and vice versa. Having analysed the historical geographies of Australia and Ireland, one would certainly agree that geography and history are analogous and interdependent fields.Works CitedAustralian Bureau of Statistics (2004) Yearbook Australia Population Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Population, forthcoming from www.abs.gov.auGuelke, L. (1997) The Relations Between Geography and History Reconsidered, History and Theory, 36 (2), pp. 191-234.Hughes, R. (1986) The Fatal Shore The epic of Australias founding, New York vintage Books.Klein, B. (1998) Partial Views Shakespeare and the Map of Ireland, Early Modern Literary Studies, Special Issue 3, 1-20.Kroeker, A. Separation from the World Post-colonial aspects of Mennonite/s wiring in Western Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba University of Manitoba.Litvack, L. (2006) Theories of Post-Coloniality Edward W. Said and W.B. Yeats, availabl e from www.qub.ac.uk/en/imperial/ireland/saidyeat.htmMacintyre, S. (1999) A Concise History of Australia, Cambridge Cambridge University Press.McCarthy, M. (no date) Historico-Geographical Explorations of Irelands Heritages Toward a Critical Understanding of the Nature of Memory and Identity, available from http//www.ashgate.com/subject_area/downloads/sample_chapters/IrelandsHeritagesCh1.pdfMcCarthy, M. (2003), Historical geographies of a colonized world the renegotiation of New English colonialism in early modern urban Ireland, c. 1600-10, Irish Geography, 36(1), 59-76.Meinig, D. W. (1982) Geographical analysis of imperial expansion, in Baker, A. R. H. and Billinge, M. (eds.) peak and place Research methods in historical geography, Cambridge Cambridge University Press.Meinig, D. W. (1989) The Historical Geography of Imperative, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 79, 79-87.Pilger, J. (1989) A Secret Country, Sydney Random House.Said, E. (1979) Orientalism, New York vintage Books.Said, E. (1993) Culture and Imperialism, lecture given at York University, Toronto, Canada, 10 February 1993.Wikipedia (2006a) British Empire, available from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_EmpireWikipedia (2006b) Geography, available from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeographyWikipedia (2006c) Orientalism, available from http//en.wikipedia/org/wiki/OrientalismWood, D. (1993) The Power of Maps, London Routledge